The United States shows a solar cell that can both absorb light and emit light

Scientists believe that the more solar cells absorb light, the more electricity they provide, but a research team in the United States did the opposite, proposing and demonstrating a new design concept-solar cells are designed to glow Diodes (LEDs) can both absorb light and emit light. They said that the latest design is expected to allow solar cells to push the limits of conversion efficiency.

The main leader of the team, Professor Eli Jabronovic, a professor at the Department of Electrical Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, said: "The results of the demonstration show that the more photons a solar cell emits, the higher the voltage it generates and the higher the conversion efficiency."

Scientists have known since 1961 that there is a theoretical maximum value of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells: about 33.5%. But 50 years later, no one has ever broken this limit. In 2010, scientists made the conversion efficiency of flat single-node solar cells (which can absorb light waves of a specific frequency) reach 26%.

In order to obtain higher conversion efficiency, the Jabronovic team proposed the above design concept based on the mathematical relationship between light absorption and light emission. Researcher Owen Miller said that when photons in the sun "attack" the semiconductors inside the solar cell, the cell generates electricity. The energy provided by the photon will make the electrons in the material loose and move freely, but this process (cold light process) may also generate new photons. The idea behind the new type of solar cell is that these new photons that do not directly come from sunlight can easily escape from the battery. Miller said: "Although this is counterintuitive, from a mathematical point of view, making new photons escape will cause the battery to generate more voltage."

Miller explained: "Fundamentally speaking, there is a thermodynamic relationship between the absorption and luminescence of solar cells. Let the solar cells emit light, then the photons will not be 'lost' in the solar cells, which will increase solar cell production Voltage. The higher the voltage generated by the solar cell, the higher the conversion efficiency. "Miller said that although the theory that the cold light emission process will increase the voltage is not new, no one has ever thought of using it to design. Solar battery.

Jabronovic said that the Alta Equipment company he co-founded last year used a new concept to design a solar cell model made of gallium arsenide that achieved a record conversion efficiency of up to 28.3%. This progress is partly due to the fact that they designed the battery to allow light to escape from the battery as easily as possible. The technology they used includes improving the back of the battery to ensure that the photons generated are reflected back into the material, thereby generating more power.

Jabronovic hopes to use the latest technology to make the conversion efficiency of solar cells exceed 30%. The research is applicable to various types of solar cells and is expected to greatly benefit the entire solar cell field. Scientists will announce the latest results at the Laser and Electronic Equipment Conference held in San Francisco, California from May 6 to 11.

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